Journal Articles - Natural Science - 2021

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Browsing Journal Articles - Natural Science - 2021 by Author "Danh C. Vu"
  • Publication
    Evaluation of fatty acids, phenolics and bioactivities of spent coffee grounds prepared from Vietnamese coffee
    ( 2021)
    Danh C. Vu
    ;
    Quyen T. Vu
    ;
    Long Huynh
    ;
    Chung-Ho Lin
    ;
    Sophie Alvarez
    ;
    Xuyen T. Vo
    ;
    Trang H. D. Nguyen
    Spent coffee ground (SCG) is a residue released during coffee brewing. Disposal of SCG is able to lead to a loss of bioactive constituents and have a negative impact upon the environment. This study aimed to explore fatty acids, bioactive phenolics, antioxidant and anti-aging potentials of SCG samples obtained from coffee shops in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. The oil content of the SCG samples ranged from 6.3 to 10.5%, and linoleic (43%), palmitic (33.4%) and oleic (11%) acids were identified as major constituents of the oil. Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid examined (832.9–7657.7 μg/g of dry weight), followed by ferulic acid (40.5–1041.7 μg/ g). Through anti-collagenase and anti-elastase assays, SCG showed a promising anti-aging activity, with IC50 values comparable with those of epigallocatechin gallate. The correlation analysis revealed gallic acid positively correlated with the free radical scavenging potential evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and the inhibitory effect on elastase. The results demonstrated that utilization of SCG prepared from Vietnamese coffee could open new avenues for food and cosmeceutical industry.
  • Publication
    Health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds at daycare facilities
    ( 2021)
    Mohamed Bayati
    ;
    Danh C. Vu
    ;
    Phuc H. Vo
    ;
    Elizabeth Rogers
    ;
    Jihyun Park
    ;
    Thi L. Ho
    ;
    Alexandra N. Davis
    ;
    Zehra Gulseven
    ;
    Gustavo Carlo
    ;
    Francisco Palermo
    ;
    Jane A. McElroy
    ;
    Susan C. Nagel
    ;
    Chung‐Ho Lin
    Children are particularly vulnerable to many classes of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected in indoor environments. The negative health impacts associated with chronic and acute exposures of the VOCs might lead to health issues such as genetic damage, cancer, and disorder of nervous systems. In this study, 40 VOCs including aldehydes and ketones, aliphatic hydrocarbons, esters, aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclic terpenes, alcohols, and glycol ethers were identified and qualified in different locations at the University of Missouri (MU) Child Development Laboratory (CDL) in Columbia, Missouri. Our results suggested that the concentrations of the VOCs varied significantly among classrooms, hallways, and playground. The VOCs emitted from personal care and cleaning products had the highest indoor levels (2-ethylhexanol-1, 3-carene, homomenthyl salicylate with mean concentration of 5.15 µg/m3, 1.57 µg/m3, and 1.47 µg/m3, respectively). A cancer risk assessment was conducted, and none of the 95th percentile dose estimates exceeded the age-specific no significant risk levels (NSRL) in all classrooms. Dimensionless toxicity index scores were calculated for all VOCs using a novel web-based framework called Toxicological Prioritization Index (ToxPi), which integrates multiple sources of toxicity data. According to the method, homomenthyl salicylate, benzothiazole, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, hexadecane, and tridecane exhibited diverse toxicity profiles and ranked as the five most toxic indoor VOCs. The findings of this study provide critical information for policy makers and early education professionals to mitigate the potentially negative health impacts of indoor VOCs in the childcare facilities.