Journal Articles - Natural Science - 2022

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Browsing Journal Articles - Natural Science - 2022 by Author "Arunachalam Chinnathambi"
  • Publication
    Central composite design for the optimization of CaO and Fe2(SO4)3 facilitated transesterification of Scenedesmus sp. oil for fatty acid methyl ester production
    ( 2022)
    Kathirvel Brindhadevi
    ;
    Thangavel Mathimani
    ;
    Ramya Ganesan
    ;
    Manigandan Sekar
    ;
    Sabarathinam Shanmugam
    ;
    Tran Nhat Phuong
    ;
    Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
    ;
    Arunachalam Chinnathambi
    ;
    Usawadee Chanasut
    ;
    Kanda Whangchai
    The present research focuses on optimization of CaO and Fe2(SO4)3 facilitated transesterification conditions through central composite design (CCD) for maximal fatty acid methyl ester yield from Scenedesmus sp. At the outset, neutral lipid extraction of Scenedesmus sp. was done by Soxhlet method using hexane and it showed 13.6% neutral lipid. Conversion of neutral lipids to biodiesel was optimized using CCD and the parameters were 80 °C, 120 min reaction time, 3% CaO or Fe2(SO4)3 catalyst concentration and 6:1 methanol:oil ratio. Among the catalysts, 93% of FAME was produced at 3% CaO concentration in the above-said optimized process conditions. Biodiesel from Scenedesmus sp. oil facilitated by CaO catalyst showed 31.42% of C16:0 followed by 23.45% oleic acid and further, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents were at about 10.12, 10.67 and 11.92%, respectively, which signifies the use of CaO catalyst for industrial scale biodiesel production from Scenedesmus sp.
  • Publication
    Invivo detection of triacylglycerols through Nile red staining and quantification of fatty acids in hyper lipid producer Nannochloropsis sp. cultured under adequate nitrogen and deficient nitrogen condition
    ( 2022)
    Tharifkhan Shan Ahamed
    ;
    Kathirvel Brindhadevi
    ;
    Ramakrishnan Krishnan
    ;
    Tran Nhat Phuong
    ;
    Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
    ;
    Arunachalam Chinnathambi
    ;
    Thangavel Mathimani
    The green alga Nannochloropsis sp. was grown in a medium containing adequate (1.5 g/L sodium nitrate) and absence of nitrogen (0 g/L sodium nitrate) for improving the triacylglycerols (TAGs) level and fatty acid content for sustainable biodiesel production. Initially, the biomass yield of Nannochloropsis sp. was determined from the day of inoculation till 18th day and it is observed that on 14th day higher biomass yield at about 1.4 g/L was obtained. The Nile red stained cells from nitrogen sufficient and nitrogen starvation conditions observed under confocal microscopy revealed that neutral lipids exist as oil bodies were higher in nitrogen starved condition and also, the TAG content was 13.31% dryweight in nitrogen starved cells than nitrogen amended (10.46%) Nannochloropsis cells. The extracted lipids subjected for FTIR study showed the presence of TAG functional group in both condition and similarly, the FAME obtained from both condition showed the vibration at 1743 cm−1 for ester functional group. The fatty acid composition of nitrogen deplete condition revealed oleic acid methyl ester (28.7%), Behenic acid methyl ester (14.2%), cis-11, 14, 17-Eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester (8.8%) as predominant fatty acids than nitrogen supplied condition. The TAG content and FAME composition reported in this study makes Nannochloropsis sp. as plausible candidate for pilot scale biodiesel production.