Plant protection chemicals are widely used in most sectors of the agricultural production activities to prevent or reduce losses by pests and thus can improve yield as well as quality of the produce. The most effective methods of pest control are based on the use of the plant protection chemicals to maintain agricultural production and contribute to economic growth. In Vietnam as well as some countries have agricultural production activities, plant protection chemicals are widely used in almost all agricultural production fields to prevent or reduce losses due to pests, improve productivity and quality of the product. Plant protection drugs contribute to the protection and increase the productivity, it’s about 20% 30% for crops such as vegetables and fruit trees. However, residues of plant protection drugs in agricultural products are also very high, exceeding the permitted level of 10% 20%. This paper focuses on the risks of residues of plant protection chemicals in the environment and specific agricultural products in Vietnam.