Vietnam is a country that has a long-standing traditional friendship and partnership with the Russian Federation, and it also plays an increasingly higher role in Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN), has an important geo-political and geo-economical position in Southeast Asia with its ability to control and monitor key maritime and aviation routes through the East Sea. The research is carried out to evaluate the Russian Federation's strategy towards the eastern part of the continent, and the role of the development of the relations between Vietnam - Russia on Russia's return to the political stage between the major powers in Southeast Asia in the present time. Using the numerous historical, logical, and analytical methodologies to conduct research, the development process in the history of diplomatic relations between ASEAN - Russian Federation has been reported; Vietnam's bridging role in improving and promoting ASEAN relations and the Russian Federation has also been evaluated.