Journal Articles - Engineering Technology - 2016

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  • Publication
    Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Technologies the Possibility to Apply in Developing Contries, a Case Study in Vietnam
    ( 2016)
    Lê Thị Kim Oanh
    ;
    Wim H. Rulkens
    ;
    Joost C.L. Van Buuren
    On the basis of the characteristics of technologies, including mass balances, technical, environmental, social and economic criteria an assessment was made to analysis the appropriate municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment technologies for developing countries, including aerobic composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration and sanitary landfill. The strengths and weaknesses of each technology in the condition of developing countries and also the detail data relation to cost and benefit, technical, social and environmental impacts have indicated. The research showed that the choice of suitable technology much depends on the condition of density cities of developing countries, among that: high amount and typical characteristic of MSW, tropical weather, lack of budget and infrastructure, lack of efficiency technologies and skilled worker, weak of management control and support system; and land scare and high requirement of electricity. Landfill is now still the best choice to dump MSW in developing countries due to its advance in cost and convenient. However, biological treatments will increase their ratio due to land scare and the requirement of compost in agriculture countries, especially in case of MSW separation at sources as the plan of many developing countries. Anaerobic digestion is not yet applied in large scale in developing countries. Recently, the decision makers are considering on this technology due to the need of electricity and its advantage when the moisture of MSW is high. Incineration is the most expensive technology among others. It is even more expensive when MSW in developing countries is low heat value and high moisture content.
  • Publication
    Removal of C.I. Acid Red 114 Dye from Wastewater by Using Ozonation and Electrocoagulation
    ( 2016)
    Ngoc Han T. Huynh
    ;
    Pham Hung Duong
    ;
    Yong Soon Yoon
    This study was performed to investigate the removal ability of dyeing wastewater containing C.I. Acid Red 114 by ozonation and electrocoagulation in batch mode. In ozonation, the effects of some parameters: ozone gas flowrate, pH, temperature and initial dye concentration on color, dye and COD removal efficiencies were evaluated. And the gas holdup by ozone gas, volumetric mass transfer coefficient of ozone, enhancement factor and energy consumption were determined. In electrocoagulation, the effects of current density, initial dye concentration, pH and conductivity on color, dye and COD removal efficiencies were determined. Energy consumption and sludge production were evaluated. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of color and dye were higher than 95% with 50 min ozonation and 90% with 20 min electrocoagulation. The COD removal efficiencies were 79% and 89.3% in ozonation and electrocoagulation, respectively. In ozonation, the removal efficiency was affected by the ozone gas flow rate, pH, temperature and initial dye concentration. And in electrocoagulation, the treatment performance was significantly affected by current density and initial dye concentration. Ozonation consumed more energy than electrocoagulation, but it produces no sludge. Both methods are feasible for application in the treatment of dyeing wastewater containing C.I. Acid Red 114.